PROblis – kliničke studije o učinkovitosti, manje infekcija uha, grla i nosa

PROblis za uho, grlo i nos
Medikor tim
Datum objave: 18.02.2022.

 

Klinička potvrda učinkovitosti

Kliničke studije i radovi

Linija PROblis proizvoda

Kako koristiti PROblis

Preporuka za doziranje

 

PROblis je dodatak prehrani koji sadrži dobre bakterije Streptococcus salivarius K12 i vitamin D3 doprinosi pravilnom djelovanju imunološkog sustava.

Nadopuna oralne mikrobiote djece i odraslih dodatkom prehrane PROblis može biti korisna, posebno u hladnim razdobljima godine.

Streptococcus salivarius je u literaturi često opisan kao glavni prirodni proizvođač bakteriocina ili "prirodnih antibiotika" sa širokim spektrom djelovanja protiv patogena.

 

K12 - poseban soj dobre bakterije Streptococcus salivarius:

  • učinkovito kolonizira usnu šupljinu i nazofarinks,
  • K12 se veže za receptore na stanicama na kojima bi se inače vezivale bakterije i virusi
  • K12 proizvodi BLIS (eng. Bacterocine Like Inhibitory Substances) dvije moćne antimikrobne molekule Salivaricin A2 i B sa sposobnošću inhibicije rasta patogenih bakterija poput: Streptococcus pyogenes, Streptococcus pneumonieae, koji mogu uzrokovati akutnu upalu srednjeg uha i respiratorne infekcije.

 

Učinkovitost i sigurnost formule koju sadrži PROblis (tj. Bactoblis®) je dokumentirana u više od 30 kliničkih studija od kojih su neke prikazane u nastavku.

 

1. Klinička potvrda učinkovitosti

Dobre bakterije Streptococcus Salivarius K12 koje sadrži PROblis mogu kod djece i odraslih pozitivno utjecati na:

  • smanjenje najznačajnijih patogena u usnoj šupljini
  • smanjenje ponavljajuće infekcije kod djece
  • manju incidenciju ORL infekcija u zdrave djece koja pohađaju vrtić i školu
  • manju potrebu za antibioticima i antipireticima kod djece
  • manju potrebe za adenotonzilektomijom
  • smanjenje incidencije nekih virusnih infekcija
  • manje izostanaka iz škole i s posla.

 

PROblis može utjecati na smanjenje patogena u usnoj šupljini

  • 4 klinička ispitivanja: 192 djece od 5-15 godina s ponavljajućim streptokoknim infekcijama
  • 1-mjesečni tretman (1 pastila dnevno); praćenje 6 mjeseci
  • 2 x 1-mjesečno primjena (1 pastila dnevno); praćenje 6 mjeseci

 

 

PROblis može utjecati na smanjenje ponavljajuće infekcije kod djece

 

  • 5 kliničkih ispitivanja s 236 djece u dobi između 1-15 godina
  • Tromjesečni tretman (1 pastila dnevno)
  • 2 x 1-mjesečni tretman (1 pastila / 1vrećica dnevno) u 30 dana; 6-mjesečno praćenje

Rezultat

  • Smanjenje ponovljenih streptokoknih infekcija do 92%

 

PROblis može smanjiti incidencije ORL infekcija u zdrave djece koji idu u vrtić i u školu

  • 3 klinička ispitivanja s 345 djece u dobi između 3-10 godina
  • 1 studija na djeci bez povijesti ORL infekcija, a koja pohađaju prvu godinu vrtića
  • 6-mjesečni tretman (1 pastila dnevno); praćenje 3 mjeseca
  • 1-mjesečni tretman (1 pastila dnevno);

Rezultat

  • Smanjenje faringo-tonzilarnih infekcija do 69%
  • Smanjenje epizoda upale srednjeg uha do 46%

 

PROblis može smanjiti potrebu za antibioticima i antipireticima kod djece

  • 4 klinička ispitivanja s 288 djece (3-14 godina) s učestalim ORL infekcijama
  • 3-mjesečni tretman (1 pastila dnevno)
  • 2 tromjesječja 3-mjesečnog tretmana
  • 12-mjesečno praćenje

Rezultat

  • do 93% smanjenje korištenja antibiotika
  • do 85% smanjenje korištenja antipiretika

 

PROblis može smanjiti potrebu za adenotonzilektomijom

  • Studija: 100 djece od 5-10 godina s dijagnozom kroničnog tonzilitisa uzrokovanog  streptokokom, planiranih za adenotonzilektomiju
  • 3-mjesečni tretman, 12-mjesečno praćenje

Rezultat

  • 72% manje djece s adenotonzilektomijom

 

PROblis može utjecati na smanjenje incidencije nekih virusnih infekcija 

  • 7 kliničkih ispitivanja s 535 djece u dobi između 1-13 godina
  • Tromjesečni tretman (1 pastila dnevno); praćenje od 9 mjeseci
  • 2 x 3-mjesečni tretman (1 pastila / vrećica dnevno) i 6 - mjesečno praćenje
  • Jednomjesečni tretman (1 pastila dnevno) uz 6-mjesečno praćenje

Rezultat

  • virusni faringitis smanjen do 76%
  • virusni rinitis smanjen i do 69%
  • prehlada smanjena i do 95%
  • gripa smanjena i do 81%

 

PROblis može utjecati na manje izostanaka iz škole i s posla

  • 3 klinička ispitivanja s 170 djece sa i bez povijesti o rekurentnim streptokoknim infekcijama (3-14 godina)
  • 3 mjesečno primjena (1 pastila dnevno)
  • 2 x 1-mjesečno primjena (1 pastila dnevno) uz 6-mjesečno praćenje

Rezultat

  • do 93% manje dana izostanaka iz škole
  • do 93% manje dana izostanaka s posla

 

2. Kliničke studije i radovi

 

Redni broj  Naslov rada Autori Ključne riječi Godina
1 Positive clinical outcomes derived from using Streptococcus salivarius K12 to prevent streptococcal pharyngotonsillitis in children: a pilot investigation Francesco Di Pierro, Maria Colombo, Alberto Zanvit, Amilcare S Rottoli Paediatric infections, Pharyngo-tonsillitis, Scarlet fever, Acute otitis media, Blis K12, Bactoblis®. 2016
2 Effect of administration of Streptococcus salivarius K12 on the occurrence of streptococcal pharyngo-tonsillitis, scarlet fever and acute otitis media in 3 years old children F. di Pierro, M. Colombo, M.G. Giuliani, M.L. Danza, I. Basile, T. Bollani, A.M. Conti, A. Zanvit, A.S. Rottoli Paediatric infections, Pharyngo-tonsillitis, Scarlet fever, Acute otitis media, Blis K12, Bactoblis®. 2016
3 The administration of S. salivarius K12 to children may reduce the rate of SARS-CoV-2 infection Francesco  di Pierro, Maria Colombo   2021
4 Preliminary pediatric clinical evaluation of the oral probiotic Streptococcus salivarius K12 in preventing recurrent pharyngitis and/or tonsillitis caused by Streptococcus pyogenes and recurrent acute otitis media Francesco Di Pierro, Guido Donato, Federico Fomia, Teresa Adami, Domenico Careddu, Claudia Cassandro, Roberto Albera BLIS K12, bacteriocin-like inhibitory substance K12, Streptococcus salivarius K12, Bactoblis®, pharyngitis, tonsillitis, acute otitis media 2012
5 Clinical evaluation of the oral probiotic Streptococcus salivarius K12 in the prevention of recurrent pharyngitis and/or tonsillitis caused by Streptococcus pyogenes in adults Francesco Di Pierro, Teresa Adami, Giuliana Rapacioli, Nadia Giardini & Christian Streitberger Keywords: bactoblis, BLIS, pharyngitis, Streptococcus salivarius K12, tonsillitis 2013
6 Use of Streptococcus salivarius K12 in the prevention of streptococcal and viral pharyngotonsillitis in children Francesco Di Pierro, Maria Colombo, Alberto Zanvit, Paolo Risso, Amilcare S Rottoli Blis K12, pediatric trial, Bactoblis, S. pyogenes, antibiotic therapy 2014
7 Oral use of Streptococcus salivarius K12 in children with secretory otitis media: preliminary results of a pilot, uncontrolled study Francesco Di Pierro, Daniele Di Pasquale, Maurizio Di Cicco BLIS K12, Bactoblis®, acute otitis media, exudative otitis media 2015
8 Use of Streptococcus salivarius K12 to reduce the incidence of pharyngo-tonsillitis and acute otitis media in children: a retrospective analysis in not-recurrent pediatric subjects Francesco di Pierro, Paolo Risso, Elena Poggi, Anna Ti Mitilli, Sara Bolloli, Maurizio Bruno, Egidio Caneva, Riccardo Campus , Alessandro Giannattasio Probiotics - Streptococcal infections - Streptococcus salivarius - Child. 2018
9 Reduction of group A beta-hemolytic streptococcus pharyngo-tonsillar infections associated with use of the oral probiotic Streptococcus salivarius K12: a retrospective observational study Giuseppe Gregori, Ornella Righi, Paolo Risso, Goffreda Boiardi, Giovanni Demuru, Anna Ferzetti, Antonio Galli, Marco Ghisoni, Sonia Lenzini, Claudio Marenghi, Caterina Mura, Roberto Sacchetti, Lucia Suzzani recurrent pharyngo-tonsillar infections, group A beta-hemolytic streptococcus, Streptococcus salivarius K12 2016
10 CLINICAL EVALUATION OF THE THERAPEUTIC USE OF ORAL PROBIOTIC STREPTOCOCCUS SALIVARIUS K12 FOR RECURRENT PHARYNGITIS AND/OR TONSILLITIS  Taylan Gun Streptococcus salivarius K12, Bactoblis®, pharyngitis, tonsillitis 2017
11 Current benefits of lantibiotics use in prevention of recurrent pharyngeal infections in children Yurii Havrylenko Streptococcus salivarius K12; lantibiotic; pharyngeal infections; children 2018
12 Experience with the clinical use of the respiratory probiotic Bactobolis in children with secretory otitis media Yurii Havrylenko otitis media; secretory otitis media; children; probiotics; Bactoblis 2019
13 Prevention of Recurrent Respiratory Diseases in Children with Microaspiration Syndrome Ilchenko S..I, Fialkovska A.A., Mozheiko T.V. children, microaspiration syndrome, respiratory probiotic Bactoblis (Streptococcus salivarius K12) 2019
14 Modern possibilities of correcting dysbiotic disorders of the mucous membranes of the upper respiratory tract in infants S.I. Ilchenko, A.A. Fialkovska, T.V. Mozheiko dysbiotic disorders; respiratory probiotic Streptococcus salivarius K12; infants 2019
15 The efficiency of respiratory probiotic Streptococcus salivarius K12 use in children with recurrent tonsillitis Ilchenko S.I., Fialkovskaya A.A., Ivanus S.G. recurrent tonsillitis; post-streptococcal complications; respiratory probiotic Streptococcus
salivarius K12; children
2020
16 Streptococcus salivarius K12 competes with pathogenic microflora for nutrient media and contributes to its displacement Kramarev S. O., Yevtushenko V. V., Seryakova I. Yu., Kaminska T. M. Streptococcus salivarius K12; Baktoblis®; acute tonsillopharyngitis; lantibiotic 2020
17 Possibilities of using lantibiotics in the prevention of recurrent upper respiratory tract infections in children Kryuchko T.O., Tkachenko O.Ya. acute respiratory viral infections; children; lantibiotics 2017
18 Clinical experience of Streptococcus salivarius K12 use for the prevention of pharyngotonsillitis and respiratory infections in children Kryuchko T.O., Tkachenko O. Ya. pharyngotonsillitis; acute respiratory infections; children; lantibiotics 2018
19 An open-label study to evaluate the effects of Streptococcus salivarius K12 given as a powder formula to prevent respiratory infections in young children Kryuchko T.O., Tkachenko O. Ya. Acute respiratory viral infections, antibiotic use, Bactoblis®, tonsillopharyngitis, Streptococcus salivarius K12 2021
20 Efficacy of administering Streptococcus salivarius K12 as a powder formula in preventing respiratory infections in infants Kryuchko T.O., Tkachenko O. Ya. Acute respiratory viral infections, Bactoblis®, antibiotic use, pharyngitis, Streptococcus salivarius K12 2021
21 Pilot study to explore the prophylactic efficacy of oral probiotic Streptococcus salivarius K12 in preventing recurrent pharyngo-tonsillar episodes in pediatric patients Giulia Marini, Emanuela Sitzia, Maria Laura Panatta, Giovanni Carlo De Vincentiis Blis K12, pediatric pharyngo-tonsillitis, adenotonsillectomy, children, probiotics 2019
22 Clinico-immunological efficacy of Streptococcus salivarius K12 in the prevention of exacerbations and treatment of chronic tonsillitis in children T.V. Marushko, N.P. Hliadielova, O.Ye. Onufriiv chronic tonsillitis; children; probiotics based on Streptococcus salivarius strain K12 2018
23 Experience with the use of oral probiotic streptococcus salivarius k12 for the prevention of recurrence of pharyngotonsillar episodes Puhlik, S.M..  Аndreev, А.V., Gushcha, S.G., Tagunova, I.К., Volyanska, V.S.,  Balashova, I.V., Badiuk, N.S. pharyngotonsillitis (PhT), Streptococcus pyogenes, Streptococcus salivarius K12 2021
24 Impact of Streptococcus salivarius K12 on Nasopharyngeal and Saliva Microbiome: A Randomized Controlled Trial Suvi Sarlin, MD, Mysore V. Tejesvi,  Jenni Turunen, Petri Vänni, Tytti Pokka, Marjo Renko, Terhi Tapiainen acute otitis media, probiotics, nasopharyngeal microbiome, saliva, next generation sequencing 2020
25 Oropharyngeal Probiotic ENT-K12 Prevents Respiratory Tract Infections Among Frontline Medical Staff Fighting Against COVID-19: A Pilot Study Qiang Wang, Xuan Lin, Xiaochen Xiang, Wanxin Liu, Ying Fang, Haiping Chen, Fang Tang, Hongyan Guo, Di Chen, Xiafen Hu, Qingming Wu, Baoli Zhu, Junbo Xia oropharyngeal probiotic ENT-K12, respiratory tract infections, healthcare workers, COVID-19, group A b-hemolytic streptococcus 2021

 

3. Linija PROblis proizvoda

 

PROblis Junior 1+

  • Prašak za otapanje u ustima s okusom jagode za djecu od 1. godine života. Prašak se lako otapa u ustima i olakšava primjenu; može se nanijeti dudom. Sadrži vitamin D3. Ne sadrži gluten. Mogu ga koristiti i starija djeca i odrasli. Pakiranje sadrži 30 vrećica.

PROblis junior

PROblis +D3

  • Pastile za otapanje u ustima s okusom mente i s vitaminom D3 namijenjen odraslima i starijoj djeci. Bez šećera i glutena. Pakiranje sadrži 30 pastila.

PROblis Kids 3+

  • Pastila za otapanje u ustima s okusom jagode za djecu od 3. godine života. Ne sadrži gluten. Mogu ga koristiti i odrasli u istoj propisanoj dozi. Pakiranje sadrži 16 pastila.

PRObllis Kids

4. Koja je razlika između proizvoda

PROblis je namijenjen djeci i odraslima. Svaka pastila i vrećica s praškom sadrže 1 milijardu aktivnih bakterija K12. 

Proizvodi se razlikuju u teksturi (prašak ili pastila) te u okusu (jagoda ili menta). Svaki proizvod, bez obzira na teksturu ili okus, jednako je djelotvoran kod djece i odraslih i mogu ga koristiti u istoj propisanoj dozi.

PROblis Junior formuliran je za bebe koje još ne mogu otopiti tabletu u ustima. Prašak se može  ručno ili dudom razmazati po bebinim desnima dok se potpuno ne otopi.

Pastile su prikladnije za djecu iznad 3 godine i za odrasle.

 

5. Kako koristiti PROblis

  • 1 pastila/1 vrećica dnevno; uzimati polako dok se potpuno ne otope, najbolje navečer nakon pranja zuba. Tablete/prah se ne smiju žvakati niti otapati u vodi. Preporučljivo je ne piti i ne jesti odmah nakon primjene proizvoda kako bi dobre bakterije mogle ostati na usnoj sluznici i naseliti sluznicu nazofarinksa i usne šupljine.

 

6. Preporuka za doziranje 

  • za održavanje zdrave mikrobiote usne i ušne šupljine: 1 pastila / vrećica dnevno
  • za održavanje ravnoteže mikrobiote usta i uha i nakon upotrebe antibiotika: 1 pastila / vrećica dnevno kroz minimalno 14 dana
  • rekurentna infekcija (pharyngitis / tonsillitis): moguća primjena – tijekom sezone (1 pastila / vrećica dnevno)
  • blaga infekcija grla (prvi znak upale grla): moguća primjena – do remisije (1 pastila / vrećica dnevno).

 

Dodatak prehrani PROBLIS je klinički testiran pogodan i za dugotrajno uzimanje.

 

Bactoblis® is a registered trademark of Pharmextracta S. P. A. and exclusively licensed by Bluestone Pharma GmbH. https://bactoblis.com/
Robna marka Bactoblis ® se na tržište Republike Hrvatske stavlja pod nazivom PROblis.
Svi materijali u ovom članku su objavljeni dopuštenjem Bluestone Pharma GmbH.

 

Literatura:

1.Di Pierro F, Colombo M, Zanvit A, Rottoli AS. Positive clinical outcomes derived from using Streptococcus salivarius K12 to prevent streptococcal pharyngotonsillitis in children: a pilot investigation. Drug Healthc Patient Saf. 2016 Nov 21;8:77-81. doi: 10.2147/DHPS.S117214. PMID: 27920580; PMCID: PMC5123729. (ponavlja se 1/3)

2.Di Pierro F, Colombo M, Giuliani MG, Danza ML, Basile I, Bollani T, Conti AM, Zanvit A, Rottoli AS. Effect of administration of Streptococcus salivarius K12 on the occurrence of streptococcal pharyngo-tonsillitis, scarlet fever and acute otitis media in 3 years old children. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci. 2016 Nov;20(21):4601-4606. PMID: 27874935.

3.Di Pierro F, Colombo M, Zanvit A, Rottoli AS. Positive clinical outcomes derived from using Streptococcus salivarius K12 to prevent streptococcal pharyngotonsillitis in children: a pilot investigation. Drug Healthc Patient Saf. 2016 Nov 21;8:77-81. doi: 10.2147/DHPS.S117214. PMID: 27920580; PMCID: PMC5123729.

4.DI Pierro F, Colombo M. The administration of S. salivarius K12 to children may reduce the rate of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Minerva Med. 2021 Aug;112(4):514-516. doi: 10.23736/S0026-4806.21.07487-5. Epub 2021 Mar 12. PMID: 33709676.

5.Di Pierro F, Donato G, Fomia F, Adami T, Careddu D, Cassandro C, Albera R. Preliminary pediatric clinical evaluation of the oral probiotic Streptococcus salivarius K12 in preventing recurrent pharyngitis and/or tonsillitis caused by Streptococcus pyogenes and recurrent acute otitis media. Int J Gen Med. 2012;5:991-7. doi: 10.2147/IJGM.S38859. Epub 2012 Nov 30. PMID: 23233809; PMCID: PMC3516470.

6.Di Pierro F, Adami T, Rapacioli G, Giardini N, Streitberger C. Clinical evaluation of the oral probiotic Streptococcus salivarius K12 in the prevention of recurrent pharyngitis and/or tonsillitis caused by Streptococcus pyogenes in adults. Expert Opin Biol Ther. 2013 Mar;13(3):339-43. doi: 10.1517/14712598.2013.758711. Epub 2013 Jan 4. PMID: 23286823.

7. Di Pierro F, Colombo M, Zanvit A, Risso P, Rottoli AS. Use of Streptococcus salivarius K12 in the prevention of streptococcal and viral pharyngotonsillitis in children. Drug Healthc Patient Saf. 2014;6:15-20. Published 2014 Feb 13. doi:10.2147/DHPS.S59665.

8.Di Pierro F, Di Pasquale D, Di Cicco M. Oral use of Streptococcus salivarius K12 in children with secretory otitis media: preliminary results of a pilot, uncontrolled study. Int J Gen Med. 2015 Sep 15;8:303-8. doi: 10.2147/IJGM.S92488. PMID: 26396541; PMCID: PMC4576902.

9. Di Pierro F, Risso P, Poggi E, et al. Use of Streptococcus salivarius K12 to reduce the incidence of pharyngo-tonsillitis and acute otitis media in children: a retrospective analysis in not-recurrent pediatric subjects. Minerva Pediatrica. 2018 Jun;70(3):240-245. DOI: 10.23736/s0026-4946.18.05182-4. PMID: 29322750.

10.Gregori G, Righi O, Risso P, Boiardi G, Demuru G, Ferzetti A, Galli A, Ghisoni M, Lenzini S, Marenghi C, Mura C, Sacchetti R, Suzzani L. Reduction of group A beta-hemolytic streptococcus pharyngo-tonsillar infections associated with use of the oral probiotic Streptococcus salivarius K12: a retrospective observational study. Ther Clin Risk Manag. 2016 Jan 19;12:87-92. doi: 10.2147/TCRM.S96134. PMID: 26855579; PMCID: PMC4725641.

11. Gun T. CLINICAL EVALUATION OF THE THERAPEUTIC USE OF ORAL PROBIOTIC STREPTOCOCCUS SALIVARIUS K12 FOR RECURRENT PHARYNGITIS AND/OR TONSILLITISVolume-6 | Issue-9 | September-2017 | ISSN - 2250-1991 | IF : 5.761 | IC Value : 79.96 PARIPEX - INDIAN JOURNAL OF RESEARCH

12.Havrylenko Yu.V. Current benefits of lantibiotics use in prevention of recurrent pharyngeal infections in children. Clinical Pediatrics. Child's Health, ISSN 2224-0551 (print), ISSN 2307-1168 (online) Jan 13, 8, 2018. UDC: 616.321-022-053.2-084:615.339:576.

13.Havrylenko Yu.V. Experience with the clinical use of the respiratory probiotic Bactobolis in children with secretory otitis media Vol. 14, 5, 2019. Child’s Health. ISSN 2224-0551 (print), ISSN 2307-1168 (online) www.mif-ua.com. UDC 616.284-022-053.2-035.24:579.864

14. Ilchenko S..I, Fialkovska A.A., Mozheiko T.V. Prevention of Recurrent Respiratory Diseases in Children with Microaspiration Syndrome. "Pediatrics. Eastern Europe ", 2019, Volume 7, Number 4. UDC 616.214 +616.321] -008.87-085-053.4

15. Ilchenko S..I, Fialkovska A.A., Mozheiko T.V. Modern possibilities of correcting dysbiotic disorders of the mucous membranes of the upper respiratory tract in infants. Clinical Pediatrics.

16.Ilchenko S.I., Fialkovskaya A.A., Ivanus S.G.The effectiveness of using respiratory probiotic Streptococcus salivarius K12 in children with recurrent tonsillitis. "Actual Infectology", 2020. DOI: https://doi.org/10.22141/2312-413x.8.2.2020.199732

17.Kramarev S. O., Yevtushenko V. V., Seryakova I. Yu., Kaminska T. M. Streptococcus salivarius K12 competes with pathogenic microflora for nutrient media and contributes to its displacement. "Actual Infectology", 2020.

18.Kryuchko T, Tkachenko O. Possibilities of using lantibiotics in the prevention of recurrent upper respiratory tract infections in children. Clinical Pediatrics . DOI 616.2-022-084:615.27]-053.2

19.Kryuchko, T.O. & Tkachenko, O.Ya. (2018). Clinical experience of Streptococcus salivarius K12 use for the prevention of pharyngotonsillitis and respiratory infections in children. CHILD`S HEALTH. 13. 629-634. 10.22141/2224-0551.13.7.2018.148915.   (ponavlja se 19/22) krivo napisano prezime u tablici

20.Kryuchko T, Tkachenko O. An open-label study to evaluate the effects of Streptococcus salivarius K12 given as a powder formula to prevent respiratory infections in young children. Nutrafoods (2021) 1:246-253 DOI 10.17470/NF-021-0032.

21.Kryuchko T, Tkachenko O. Efficacy of administering Streptococcus salivarius K12 as a powder formula in preventing respiratory infections in infants. Nutrafoods (2021) 2:254-261 DOI 10.17470/NF-021-0033

23.Marini G, Sitzia E, Panatta ML, De Vincentiis GC. Pilot study to explore the prophylactic efficacy of oral probiotic Streptococcus salivarius K12 in preventing recurrent pharyngo-tonsillar episodes in pediatric patients. Int J Gen Med. 2019 Jun 5;12:213-217. doi: 10.2147/IJGM.S168209. PMID: 31239754; PMCID: PMC6556466.

24.Marushko et al. Clinico-immunological efficacy of Streptococcus salivarius K12 in the prevention of exacerbations and treatment of chronic tonsillitis in children. Clinical Pediatrics.2018.

25.Puhlik, S. M.; Аndreev, A. V.; Gushcha, S. G.; Tagunova, I. K.; Volyanska, V. S.; Balashova, I. V.; Badiuk, N. S. Experience with the use of oral probiotic Streptococcus salivarius K12 for the prevention of recurrence of pharyngotonsillar episodes. Pharmacologyonline, 2021.

26.Sarlin S, Tejesvi MV, Turunen J, Vänni P, Pokka T, Renko M, Tapiainen T. Impact of Streptococcus salivarius K12 on Nasopharyngeal and Saliva Microbiome: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2021 May 1;40(5):394-402. doi: 10.1097/INF.0000000000003016. PMID: 33298762; PMCID: PMC8043514.

27.Wang Qiang, Lin Xuan, Xiang Xiaochen, Liu Wanxin, Fang Ying, Chen Haiping, Tang Fang, Guo Hongyan, Chen Di, Hu Xiafen, Wu Qingming, Zhu Baoli, Xia Junbo. Oropharyngeal Probiotic ENT-K12 Prevents Respiratory Tract Infections Among Frontline Medical Staff Fighting Against COVID-19: A Pilot Study. Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology. Vol 9. 2021.URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fbioe.2021.646184  DOI=10.3389/fbioe.2021.646184. ISSN=2296-4185  

 

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